Biomics

Improvement of honey-gathering conditions of the area is not possible without the creation of artificial herbage due to highly productive nectariferous plants. One of these plant species is the globe-thistle Echinops sphaerocephalus. It is a perennial honey plant of the Asteraceae family. Agricultural engineering of cultivation in the conditions of the Ryazan region was not studied. Conducted research with different cultures testify to the enormous influence of agricultural practices on the nectar productivity. The purpose of research is to study the effect of the method of sowing and seeding rate on the productivity of the Echinops sphaerocephalus for its use in beekeeping. The scheme of two-factor experiment included the study of the method of sowing (45 and 60 cm) and seeding rate (1.0; 1.5; 2.0 million seeds). Nectar productivity was determined by the content of sugars in the nectar of flowers by flushing. Analysis was performed by the method of Hagedorn-Jensena. The amount of sugars in the nectar of flowers was counted per unit area. Variance analysis was used to identify significant differences between the variants. Crops with row spacing of 45 cm significantly exceeded crops with row spacing of 60 cm in the number of generative shoots and the number of flowers per unit area, and on nectar productivity – by 42.3-79.9%, depending on the variant of experience. Echinops sphaerocephalus is the valuable nectar-bearing plant for the second half of the summer, which is from the second year of use can significantly increase the honey yield of bee-keeping. On average, for three years of observations (2016-2018), the maximum nectar productivity was formed at a seeding rate of 1.0 and 1.5 million units and a method of seeding with row spacing of 45 cm.

globe-thistle, Echinops sphaerocephalus, nectar productivity, flowers, generative shoots, plant height

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