Year: 2016
Pages: 128-141
Number: Volume 8, issue 2
Type: scientific article
Topic: Articles
Authors: Kucher A.N.!, Ostroverkhova N.V.!, Konusova O.L.!, Kireeva T.N.!, Kurbatsky D.V.!
The study of the genetic diversity of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) is one of the most important areas of research of bees in the world, and has both fundamental and practical significance. In the article the results of a comprehensive study of honeybee of some territories of Siberia (Tomsk region, Krasnoyarsk Krai) are given: variability of the locus COI-COII mtDNA on the level of bee colonies and populations has been described; accordance of data of variability of the locus COI-COII and morphometric parameters (cubital and hantel index, discoidal shift) when identifying the breed has been evaluated; variability of some microsatellite loci (A007, A008, AR049, AS117, AS113, A024) has been studied. Two or even three variants of the locus COI-COII mtDNA in different combinations (PQQ and PQQQ variants characteristic for Middle Russian race and Q, specific for the southern species) was identified in some bee colonies from Tomsk region; a mismatch of morphometric data and results of the mtDNA analysis was registered. In hybrid bee colonies, originating from the southern races on maternal line (variant Q of the locus COI-COII), there is rapid replacement of “southern” genes by genes of Middle Russian race. The specific character of the distribution of allele frequencies of microsatellite loci has been detected for bee colonies from Siberia (Tomsk region, Krasnoyarsk Krai), differing in origin: the greatest differentiation was registered for loci A008, A043 and Ap049, somewhat less - for loci AC113 and A024. Comparison of own results with those of other populations (Bashkir population, European populations) allow to suggest that the loci of A024, Ap049 and A043 may be of interest as perspective DNA markers for the development of diagnostic kits for the determination of bee subspecies; locus A008 is probably a marker of different ecotypes of Middle Russian race. Problems that may arise in the study of genetic diversity of honeybees, as well as possible solutions are discussed.
honeybee, genetic diversity, the locus COI-COII mtDNA microsatellite loci.