Biomics

Hairy roots, characterized by the ability to grow rapidly and autonomously in vitro, serve as an effective model for studying plant metabolism and enable the creation of genome-edited plants with enhanced stress tolerance. They are also suitable for industrial cultivation to produce valuable biological compounds. In some plant species, spontaneous organogenesis is possible in cultures of such roots, which facilitates the rapid production of transgenic and genome-edited lines in cases where regeneration from explants is problematic. Previously, we obtained hairy roots from cotyledon explants of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) cultivar 'The Snow White' using Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain 15834 by transformation of cotyledons. This paper describes the spontaneous regenerantion of shoots from hairy root lines, their successful rooting, and adaptation to soil conditions. The resulting six plants are capable of flowering and fruiting in the laboratory. This technology simplifies the production of eggplants with edited genomes and genetic modifications.

Agrobacterium rhizogenes, hairy roots, bearded roots, eggplant, Solanum melongena L., genetic engineering, in vitro cultivation, morphogenesis, spontaneous organogenesis

1. Alam I, Salimullah M. Genetic Engineering of Eggplant (Solanum melongena): Progress, Controversy and Potential. Horticulturae 2021. 7. 78. doi: 10.3390/horticulturae7040078
2. Altpeter F, Springer NM, Bartley LE et al. Advancing crop transformation in the era of genome editing. Plant Cell. 2016. 28. 1510–1520. doi: 10.1105/tpc.16.00196
3. Banerjee S, Singh S, Ur Rahman L. Biotransformation studies using hairy root cultures - A review. Biotechnol Adv. 2012. 30(3). 461-468. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.08.010
4. Drozd E. V., Babak  O. G., Nekrashevich  N. A. et al. Study of anthocyanian accumulation peculiarities in  Solanum melongena depending on the polymorphism of  activator-type R2R3-Myb genes. Molecular and Applied Genetics. – 2022. – Vol. 32. – P. 6–17. – DOI 10.47612/1999-9127-2022-32-6-17.
5. Gantait S, Mukherjee E. Hairy root culture technology: applications, constraints and prospect. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021. 105(1). 35-53. doi: 10.1007/s00253-020-11017-9
6. Guri A, Sink KC. Agrobacterium Transformation of Eggplant. Journal of Plant Physiology. 1988. 133(1). 52-55. doi: 10.1016/S0176-1617(88)80083-X
7. Hazarika BN, Bora A. Hyperhydricity - A bottleneck to micropropagation of plants. Acta Hortic. 2010. 865. 95-101 DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2010.865.11
8. Kiryushkin AS, Ilina EL, Guseva ED et al. Hairy CRISPR: Genome Editing in Plants Using Hairy Root Transformation. Plants (Basel). 11(1). 51. doi: 10.3390/plants11010051
9. Khakimova L.R., Ibatullina G.F., Mikhaylova E.V., Vershinina Z.R. Callus formation in eggplant plants Solanum melongena L. in vitro cultures. Biomics. 2023. Т.15(3). С. 204-212. DOI: 10.31301/2221-6197.bmcs.2023-18
10. Mamedov M.I., Pyshnaya O.N., Verba V.M. Eggplants its origin, breeding program, genetic resourses. // Vegetables of Russia. – 2009. – No. 4(6). – P. 27–33. DOI:18619/2072-9146-2009-4-1-27-33
11. Polivanova OB, Bedarev VA. Hyperhydricity in Plant Tissue Culture. Plants (Basel). 11(23). 3313. doi: 10.3390/plants11233313
12. Wang J, Li J-L, Li J et al. Production of active compounds in medicinal plants, from plant tissue culture to biosynthesis. Chinese Herbal Medicines. 2017. 9(2). 115-125. DOI: 10.1016/S1674-6384(17)60085-6
13. Wȩdzony M, Szechyńska-Hebda M, Żur I et al. Tissue culture and regeneration: a prerequisite for alien gene transfer,” in Alien Gene Transfer in Crop Plants: Innovations, Methods and Risk Assessment. 2014. V. 1. eds A.Pratap, J.Kumar (New York, NY: Springer). 43–75. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8585-8_3
14. Yin K, Gao C, Qiu JL. Progress and prospects in plant genome editing. Nat Plants. 2017. 3. 17107. doi: 10.1038/nplants.2017.107. PMID: 28758991