Biomics

Drought is a serious problem worldwide, which leads to a decrease in agricultural crop yield. The study of the effect of 12% polyethyleneglycol 6000 (PEG) treatment of roots of wheat plants on the parameters of photosynthetic activity of leaves of stress-sensitive young seedlings of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety ‘Skipetr’ can provide new insights into the mechanisms regulating abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Using the IMAGE-PAM pulse fluorimeter (Heinz Waltz GmbH, Germany), it was shown that the parameters of minimum fluorescence after dark adaptation of plants (Fo), maximum fluorescence after dark adaptation of plants (Fm), minimum fluorescence efficiency (Fv/Fo), quantum yield of nonregulated energy dissipation (Y(NO)) and the coefficient of nonphotochemical quenching (qN) of wheat leaves were sensitive to drought. There were differences in the assessing of the parameters of the efficiency of photosynthesis of leaves obtained after 1 day of stress influence and after 2-3 days of PEG exposure of wheat plants. During the first day of drought, there were active induction of adaptation processes of the photosynthetic apparatus of wheat plants, which is reflected in the parameters Fo, Fv/Fo, maximum fluorescence efficiency (Fv/Fm), quantum yield of photosystem II (ФFSII), qN and quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation (Y(NPQ)). During the next two days of PEG exposure, the efficiency of the usage of solar energy by wheat photosynthesis apparatuswas impaired. The exceptions were the parameters Ft/Fo and the effective quantum yield of photosystem II (Y(II)), which had different dynamics of changes. During the first day of water deficit, Ft/Fo ratio and Y(II) parameter indicated the decrease in the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration, as well as the decrease in the proportion of absorbed and converted light energy. During the next two days of PEG exposure, the Ft/Fo and Y(II) parameters of wheat leaves reflected the development of adaptation processes of plant photosynthetic apparatus and normalization of light absorption by light-harvesting complexes. 

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