Biomics

Bread spring wheat is one of the most important crops, which leads to the development of effective approaches to its cultivation both in the field and in vitro. At the same time, wheat reproduction in vitro is associated with the stage of callus formation and its further regeneration. However, not all wheat varieties are capable of morphogenic callus formation and in vitro regeneration. In this work, 5 varieties of bread spring wheat were studied for regenerative ability: Iren 2, Happy, Novosibirskaya 16, Zlata, Daria, and the effect of lighting intensity on the activity of their organogenesis was estimated. To induce callus, synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was used in various concentrations: 0.5 mg/l for Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium (MS) with L7 salts (MSL7), as well as 2.5 mg/l for MS and MSL7 media. The ability to regenerate shoots in calli was analyzed on hormone-free nutrient media MS and L7, with various lighting options: 90 or 120 μmol/m2 c. It was revealed that for the effective induction of morphogenic calluses from mature embryos of the varieties of bread spring wheat used by us, it is advisable to use the MSL7 nutrient medium in the presence of 0.5 or 2.5 mg/l 2.4-D. The most promising and having the greatest regenerative potential of the varieties studied by us are the varieties of bread spring wheat Iren 2 and Happy.

Triticum aestivum, variety specificity, callusogenesis, regeneration, nutrient medium, auxins, lighting intensity

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