eISSN: 2221-6197 DOI: 10.31301/2221-6197

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  7. Non-biological application of DNA molecules

Non-biological application of DNA molecules

Year: 2019

Pages: 344-377

Number: Volume 11, issue 2

Type: scientific article

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31301/2221-6197.bmcs.2019-28

Topic: Article

Authors: Sakhabutdinova A.R.!, Mikhailenko K.I., Garafutdinov R.R.!, Kiryanova O.Yu., Sagitova M.A., Sagitov A.M., Chemeris A.V.

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Summary:

The existence of DNA has been known for 150 years, since 1944 it became clear that DNA encodes hereditary information transmitted to descendants, and in 1953 it was found that DNA has a double-stranded structure, held by hydrogen bonds arising between complementary nitrogenous bases. In the following years, huge breakthroughs were made in the knowledge of the organization and functioning of DNA as a biological macromolecule including a determination of their primary structure. There is convincing evidence that DNA due to its huge (bio)diversity and countless permutations of nucleotides can be considered a truly digital molecule. However, the possibility of non-biological application of DNA and attempts to implement it are less than three to four decades and the main impulse was given to them by the approach of DNA computing. Then appeared DNA cryptography and DNA steganography attracted considerable attention of researchers around the world, and it was proposed many ways to encode non-biological information in the form of letters of the English alphabet and other symbols by nitrogen bases, most of which are discussed in this article. Another interesting area of non-biological use of DNA molecules is the development of different ways of encoding different information for its long-term storage in DNA molecules, which in this article is given considerable attention. The historical aspects of long-standing proposals on the use of DNA molecules as computer memory carriers, where thanks to M. S. Neiman the priority for our country, are also considered.

Keywords:

DNA, DNA computing, DNA cryptography, DNA steganography, storage in DNA

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