Year: 2018
Pages: 69-84
Number: Volume 10, issue 1
Type: scientific article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31301/2221-6197.bmcs.2018-15
Topic: Article
Authors: Kuluev B.R., Sukhareva A.S.!
Due to the high information content of DNA molecules, a rapid growth in the number of methods of crop molecular genetic analysis using molecular or DNA markers is observed in world scientific practice. The same methods of DNA analysis can be used for genetic certification of crop varieties instead of low-information methods for the protein markers analysis. This review discusses the use of various DNA markers for the identification and evaluation of genetic resources of species, subspecies, varieties and lines of cultivated plants. Some information on the classification of markers and examples of their successful use in certification, selection and phylogenetic studies are presented. Briefly describes the stages of their use, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different methods. The most effective and inexpensive methods for detecting intraspecies polymorphism can be considered ISSR, SSR and SNP-analyzes. The SNP-analysis method is the most informative, which is most likely to find increasing application in the genetic analysis and selection of cultivated plants. It is noted that different types of markers are suitable for studying polymorphism both within a single species and in higher taxonomic groups (genus, family, etc.). Population and evolutionary studies also noted the need to use several evolving independently markers, for example, nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial markers.
genetic analysis, molecular markers, DNA markers, genetic certification, fingerprinting, SSR, RAPD, RFLP, CAPS, ISSR, SNP