Biomics

The hairy roots culture is one of the most perspective biotechnological objects for production valuable secondary plant metabolites. The main drawbacks of the existing methods of generating hairy roots is laborious and long process of agrobacteria elimination and high dependence of the transformation efficiency on the strain of A. rhizogenes and species of infected plant. Another significant drawback of these methods is that they are mainly suitable only for the transformation of dicotyledons, whereas it is very laborious to generate hairy roots in monocotyledons and gymnosperms. We proposed a direct method of biolistic transformation of plants calli with rol-genes to overcome existing difficulties. Wheat calli was used for genetic transformation in this work. Three different morphotypes of the adventitious roots of wheat were obtained as a result of the bombardment. Morphotype 1 - short unbranched roots; morphotype 2 - long branching roots; morphotype 3 - roots with abundant calli formation. Adventitious roots of morphotype 2 are similar to true hairy roots. PCR analysis for the presence of rol-genes of these putative hairy roots was negative. However these wheat adventitious roots were characterized by their ability to long-term growth. Some lines of wheat adventitious roots were observed spontaneous greening that possibly contributed to the unlimited growth of these roots on hormone-free medium. Separately growing cultures of monocots green adventitious roots can become an alternative to hairy roots of monocots.

Triticum aestivum, hairy roots, adventitious roots, biolistics, rol-genes, green root culture

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