Biomics

Ri plasmids are transferred by Agrobacterium rhizogenes into plant cells and causing the appearance hairy roots. The rol-genes play a key role of such roots formation, and locate in the T-DNA of Ri plasmid. Bacteria interact with plants and transfer the rolA, B, C and D genes into the plant genome. Expression products of rol-genes are regulators of the phytohormones activity and change the physiological and morphological characteristics of plants. For example, rolB induces roots and stochastic buds formation, the increase of flowers size, and stimulates the production of auxin-binding proteins. The rolB-transgenic plants have resistance to salt stress, low and high temperatures, excessive light and to active forms of oxygen. The rol-genes products can influence growth processes, enhance the protective functions of plants, and promote the synthesis of valuable primary and secondary metabolites in hairy roots. Therefore, the technology of hairy roots cultivation is promising for use in the pharmaceutical, food and perfume industries. Rol-genes are studied for a long time but today their functions are not sufficiently explored. In this review article, we attempted to generalize the results of studies on the phenotypic manifestation of rol genes in growing plants and hairy roots.

rol-genes, Ri plasmid, hairy roots, Agrobacterium rhizogenes, T-DNA, transgenic plants, phenotypic characteristics, secondary metabolites, stress resistance

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