Biomics

The article analyzes the current status of the population of the dark European bees A.m.mellifera in Russia and Europe. In Europe, still remained small reserves in the territory of some countries. Now in Russia has a large reserve of the gene pool of a dark European bees A.m.mellifera. However, the gene pool is subject to increasing introgression from the subspecies from the southern regions, which lead dark European bees to the loss adaptation to local conditions and reduce full productivity. To preserve the gene pool of the dark European bees is not sufficiently only visible morphometric traits but necessary selection based on the analysis of molecular DNA markers, covering nuclear and mitochondrial genome. Supporting of Government and the regional beekeepers associations in the creation and development of the Russian Association of Apis mellifera mellifera (RAAMM) will integrate all the efforts of Russian beekeepers to preserve native dark European and help to transition of Russian beekeeping to a new level of genetic selection.

dark European bees, Apis mellifera mellifera, evolutionary lineage M, genotyping, hybridization, introgression of subspecies

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