Biomics

Ризобактерии, стимулирующие рост растений (PGPR), увеличивают размер листьев. Из-за этого растения теряют больше воды, и им необходимо реализовать механизмы, предотвращающие последствия ее возможного дефицита. Исследования выявили разнообразие способов адаптации обработанных бактериями растений к поддержанию водного баланса. Важно понять причины этих отличий, что необходимо для успешного применения бактерий в сельском хозяйстве. В данном мини-обзоре обсуждается влияние PGPR на устьичную проводимость, транспирацию, относительное содержание воды в листьях и их водный потенциал, рост корней и гидравлическую проводимость. Мы оценивали значение этих показателей для поддержания водного баланса, а также для стимуляции роста растений под влиянием инокуляции бактериями. Также анализировалась роль модификаций гормонального баланса под влиянием ростстимулирующих бактерий в регулировании этих процессов. PGPR оказывают различное воздействие на водный баланс растений. Есть сведения как об увеличении, так и об уменьшении устьичной проводимости и относительного содержания воды под влиянием бактерий. Эффективность этих альтернативных реакций обсуждается в контексте доступности почвенной влаги. Реакции растений на PGPR можно классифицировать по следующим признакам: 1) закрытие устьиц и снижение транспирации; 2) увеличение способности поглощать воду, компенсирующее повышенную транспирацию за счет стимуляции роста корней; 3) повышение активности водных каналов в корнях, приводящее к большей гидравлической проводимости; 4) осмотическая адаптация, которая помогает поддерживать тургор листьев при снижении их водного потенциала. 

PGPR, водный обмен, устьичная проводимость, гидравлическая проводимость, ауксины, цитокинины, этилен, абсцизовая кислота, рост корней, аквапорины

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