Biomics

Селекция медоносных пчел (Apis mellifera) на увеличение физиологической устойчивости к болезням является весьма желательным и экологически безопасным подходом для увеличения выживаемости семей. Отбор желательных признаков является важнейшим элементом любой программы по разведению.

В этой работе мы изучаем, зависит ли уровень физиологической реакции на грибок известкового расплода Ascosphaera apis, одного из главных грибковых патогенов пчел, от генотипа линий медоносной пчелы. Уровень устойчивости расплода к системным микозам, вызываемых грибками, определялся по выживаемости личинок под воздействием патогена in vitro. Результаты наших исследований не обнаружили статистически значимых различий в индивидуальной устойчивости к аскосферозу среди трех линий пчел (Русская, Краинская, Устойчивая К Варроатозу).

Кроме того, активация классического иммунитета и клеточных реакций на стресс не влияет на выживание инфицированных особей, что свидетельствует о том, что активация отдельных физиологических реакций, возможно, не является основным механизмом защиты против грибковых заболеваний. Поведенческие реакции взрослых особей пчел, как публиковалось ранее, вероятнее всего, являются первичными механизмами, обеспечивающими устойчивость к аскосферозу на уровне пчелиной семьи.

медоносная пчела, Ascosphaera apis, грибковый патоген, естественный иммунитет, устойчивость

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